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Copper-Nickel-Tin Strip (GMX96/GMX215)

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Overview

Copper-Nickel-Tin Strip (GMX96/GMX215)

Widely used to form contact springs, GMX96/GMX215 are core NGK products available as plates or strips. They offer an ideal combination of properties such as tensile strength, fatigue strength, thermal stability, bending formability, and corrosion resistance.

Features

High Performance Conductive Spring Material GMX96

NGK Copper-Nickel-Tin alloy "GMX96" is an age hardening type copper alloy, using spinodal decomposition. GMX96 has excellent characteristics such as high strength and heat resistance comparable to beryllium copper alloy, and electrical conductivity equivalent to phosphor bronze. GMX96 is widely used as contact springs in various applications like connectors, switches, etc.

High Performance Heat resistance Material GMX215

NGK Copper-Nickel-Tin alloy "GMX215" is an age hardening type copper alloy, using spinodal decomposition. GMX215 is a high performance heat resistant spring material with high strength comparable to beryllium copper alloy, and the highest level of superior features such as corrosion resistance and heat resistance among conventional copper alloys. GMX215 is a high-performance spring material suitable for parts used in severe condition such as automobiles and industrial equipment.

Tensile Strength

GMX96 and GMX215 can achieve the strength of 1200 N/mm2 through age hardening (Spinodal decomposition) and can withstand very high bending stress.

Bending Formability

Age hardenable material can be formed into complicated shapes and heat treatment afterwards. Mill-hardened material, which does not require heat-treatment after stamping or forming, has well-balanced performance in strength and formability.

Thermal Stability

Due to less stress relaxation at elevated temperature, GMX96 can be used in a wide range of temperature with little loss of mechanical properties.

Corrosion Resistance

GMX96 and GMX215 has good corrosion resistance and can be used even under severe condition.

Heat Distortion

Due to less deformation (heat distortion) after age hardening treatment, dimensional dispersion after heat treatment is small.

Electrical Conductivity

GMX96 offers conductivity equivalent to that of phosphor bronze. GMX215 offers conductivity about twice that of stainless steel. They are ideal for a wide range of conductive spring applications.

Applications

  Recommended Applications
Connectors Switches Motors Thermostats Motor brushes Gears
Market PC/smartphones ○ ○ - - - -
Automotive - - ○ ○ ○ ○
Home appliances - - ○ ○ - -
Industrial equipment ○ - ○ ○ ○ -
Clocks - - - - ○ ○

Related Standards

GMX96

  • CDA C72700
  • JIS C7270

GMX215

  • CDA C72950

Copper-Nickel-Tin Properties

Tensile Strength vs. Electrical Conductivity

Tensile Strength vs. Electrical Conductivity

Chemical Composition

Alloy Ni Sn Mn Fe Cu
GMX96 8.5-9.5 5.5-6.5 max. 0.5 max. 0.5 Bal.
GMX215 20.0-22.0 4.5-5.7 max. 0.5 max. 0.5 Bal.

Physical Properties

Alloy Melting Point (Solidus)
(℃)		 Melting Point (Liquidus)
(℃)		 Density
(g/cm3)		 Specific Heat
(J/(kg・K))		 Electrical Conductivity
(%IACS)		 Thermal Conductivity
(/℃)		 Modulus of Elasticity
(kN/mm2)
GMX96 960 1090 8.93 375 12 17.1×10-6 130
GMX215 1040 1160 8.93 385 6 16.5×10-6 150

* Only for reference, not guaranteed values.

Mechanical Properties

Alloy Temper Tensile Test1) Hardness Test1) Bending Formability, R/t（ 90°W） Heat Treatment (Age hardening)
Tensile Strength
(N/mm2)		 Elongation
(%)		 Vickers Hardness
HV		 0°
(Good way)		 90°
(Bad way)
GMX96
Age Hardenable		 1/4H 510 ‒ 620 Min. 15 145 ‒ 220 1.0 1.0 (Before H.T.)
1/4HT Min. 885 Min. 5 Min. 270 - - 375℃×2h
1/2H 590 ‒ 695 Min. 10 180 ‒ 240 1.0 1.0 (Before H.T.)
1/2HT Min. 930 Min. 5 Min. 285 - - 375℃×2h
H 685 ‒ 835 Min. 4 210 ‒ 270 1.0 1.5 (Before H.T.)
HT Min. 980 Min. 2 Min. 300 - - 375℃×2h
GMX96
Mill Hardened		 HM 835 ‒ 9802) Min. 15 Min. 250 1.5 1.5 No need
EHM 930 ‒ 10802) Min. 10 Min. 280 2.5 2.5 No need
XHM Min. 1060 Min. 3 Min. 320 4.0 6.0 No need
GMX215
Age Hardenable		 1/4H 510 ‒ 620 Min. 10 145 ‒ 220 1.0 1.0 (Before H.T.)
1/4HT Min. 885 Min. 2 Min. 270 - - 450℃×2h
1/2H 590 ‒ 695 Min. 4 180 ‒ 240 2.0 2.0 (Before H.T.)
1/2HT Min. 930 Min. 2 Min. 285 - - 450℃×2h
H 685 ‒ 835 Min. 2 210 ‒ 270 3.0 3.0 (Before H.T.)
HT Min. 980 - Min. 300 - - 450℃×2h
SH 825 ‒ 950 - 250 ‒ 310 - - (Before H.T.)
SHT Min. 1080 - Min. 330 - - 450℃×2h
GMX215
Mill Hardened		 HM 835 ‒ 9802) Min. 3 Min. 250 3.0 5.0 No need
EHM 960 ‒ 11102) Min. 3 Min. 280 - - No need
XHM Min. 1060 Min. 3 Min. 320 - - No need

1) Values are applicable to thickness 0.1 mm and over.

2) The upper limits of tensile strength of mill hardened material are for design guidance only.

* Contact us for purchase instructions, if you need a product other than above.

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  • Properties (Chemical Composition, Physical Properties, Tensile Strength vs. Electrical Conductivity etc.)
  • Technical data (Age Hardening Properties, Bending Formability, Fatigue Strength, Thermal Stability etc.）

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